The Breeding Density of Broilers
Farming baby chickens for baroilers adopts a combination of whole-house brooding and upper cage brooding. The number of broods per cage is only 25, and there is no problem of crowding. The rearing density of caged broiler chickens is related to the season. The summer stocking density is low, and the winter stocking density can be appropriately increased. Generally, 8-9 pigs are fed in each cage.
Under the conditions of adopting ground litter and keeping the animals online, chickens should be divided into several small groups within the house. The number of chickens per group should be between 200 and 300. When divided into groups, they should be weighed according to their size, physical strength, and public health. The mother carries on, the individual characteristic in each small group must be basically similar. The characteristics of individuals in the group are similar, which is conducive to the even development of the group and helps to increase the survival rate of the chicks.
Problems that should be paid attention to when raising broiler with automatic farm equipment
Using broiler battery cages to raising chicken is very convenient because it reduces the burden on most farmers, but it also places higher demands on farmers. Chicken living in cages also need to be managed. Some people will have some related problems. Today we will discuss the problems that should be paid attention to when raising broiler chicken with automatic breeding equipment.
- Matters needing attention in temperature
(1) Place the thermometer reasonably
In standardized chicken house breeding, the length and width of the chicken house are relatively large, and the temperature in the east, west, or north and south of the chicken house is inconsistent. Attention should be paid to the reasonable placement of thermometers. One thermometer should be placed in the east, middle, and west of the poultry chicken cages. Get the average temperature in the chicken house.
(2) Measures that change with the seasons
Need to cool down in summer. Breeders can use wet curtains and fans to reduce the temperature in the chicken house. At the same time, you should pay attention to the opening time of the wet curtain, to avoid the temperature in the chicken house is too low or the temperature in the chicken house is inconsistent, causing chickens to catch a cold.
Temperature control in autumn. Because of the large temperature difference between day and night in autumn, the temperature in the chicken house should be adjusted to avoid the phenomenon of high and low temperature.
In winter, heat preservation can be used to increase the temperature in the chicken house through heating or a blower.
- Pay attention to the problem of density
Pay attention to the density of broilers in cages. Actually, pay attention to the different feed intake of each cage chicken, adjust the number of chickens in each cage and achieve even feed intake.
- Matters needing attention in immunization
Raising broiler chicken in battery cages usually adopt drinking water immunization methods during immunization. When immunizing, attention should be paid to the vaccine dosage and drinking time. The drinking time should not be too long. Too long can easily reduce the efficiency of vaccine immunity.
Broiler feeding management points of spring
1. Disinfection
The chicks are thoroughly cleaned and disinfected 5 days before entering the site, avoiding corrosive disinfectant such as caustic soda to prevent equipment damage, then fumigation with formaldehyde, and sealing the doors and windows. After 24 hours, the window is ventilated. Personnel must be strictly disinfected to avoid destroying the disinfection effect. The trough and drinking fountains are cleaned and disinfected. After the chicks arrive, the ground is cleaned every day to reduce the stimulation of the respiratory tract by dust and chicken fluff, and the chickens should be disinfected every other day. Several disinfectants can be used alternately, and the vaccination period should be avoided for more than 24 hours.
2. Temperature
There is a temperature difference between the three-layer chicken battery cages in the upper, middle and lower layers, and the lower the outdoor temperature, the greater the temperature difference. Brooding is generally at the highest level, because the highest temperature is the highest, which is conducive to saving heat. The chicks enter the field on the first day, the temperature is controlled at 33 ~ 34 ° C, but also according to the state of the chicks to adjust the temperature. When the temperature is suitable, the flocks are evenly distributed, active and active, and the appetite is strong; when the temperature is low, the neck is constricted and concentrated to the heat source. Squeeze each other, the body trembles; when the temperature is too high, the amount of drinking water increases, the appetite decreases, the breathing speeds up, and the neck feathers are soaked. In the first week, the temperature dropped to 30~C, and then decreased by 2°C every week. The density of three-dimensional culture was large, which was 1~2°C lower than the flattening temperature. It should avoid the heat stress and the food intake decreased.
3. Grouping
Three-dimensional cultured broiler chickens use the whole sports chicks. When the chicks are too dense, they should be grouped in time to ensure that the chicks are evenly weighted. The first group is usually 12 to 16 days old, and the group is too early. Because the body size is too small, it is easy to grow in the cage gap. Drilling also wastes space and wastes energy. The second grouping, at 25 to 28 days of age, adopts the principle of “remaining weak and not staying strong” when grouping, and the important young chicks are placed in the lower layer, and the weak chicks are left behind. In summer, due to high temperature, it can be properly caged in advance. In winter, due to the large temperature difference between the upper and lower layers of the cage, the poultry battery cages time can be appropriately postponed, and one more in the lower cage to reduce the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers.
4. Ventilation
The key to successful aquaculture is ventilation, reasonable ventilation, elimination of harmful gases, temperature control, and reduction of ascites, chronic respiratory diseases and colibacillosis. The density of the three-dimensional farming unit is large, so ventilation is more important. Within 24 hours after entering the farm, the chicks can be ventilated due to the large space of the whole sports. As the age of the chicken increases, the ventilation volume is gradually increased, and the position and size of the air inlet are adjusted. Day, night, cloudy, sunny, spring, summer, autumn and winter. It is necessary to constantly adjust in a timely manner to achieve the feeling of no smell, no glare, no oxygen deficiency and more comfort in the house, to create a good growth space for the chickens, enhance the body's disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
How is the prospect of raising chicken in the countryside?
How is the prospect of raising chicken in the countryside? How can rural chicken raise sales? In rural areas, every family in the yard is accustomed to raising a few chickens. Because chickens are relatively good for poultry, many farmers directly use chickens as their main business and set up chicken farms. The first step in raising chickens to make money is to solve the problem of marketing. Some chicken farmers have good chickens, but they can't find a good market and they don't have a large price.
Native Chicken Breeding Has a Bright Future
As consumers are increasingly demanding food quality, consumers have chosen green and natural ways to grow and raise farm products. Green consumption has become a trend. In the case of loose-breeding chickens, many eco-random chicken farms have emerged throughout the country, and various chickens such as pheasants, black-bone chickens, Taishan chickens, reed chickens, and northern Jiangsu grass chickens have been free-ranged in accordance with natural methods. The average chicken meat is 1-2 times, and the price of the soil eggs is several times that of ordinary eggs.
Why buy high-quality broiler cage equipment?
Broiler cage equipment and caged chicken equipment are directly related to the efficiency of the farmers. Many chicken farmers' brooding, rearing and layer houses are out of proportion. And they do not meet the requirements. The rearing area is often too small, the rearing density is too large, and the feed and drinking troughs are not enough. It can be said that this is a common problem common to chicken farmers, and it is also one of the important factors affecting the economic benefits of laying hens. There are also chicken farmers who raise more chickens, use fewer houses or have no extra houses for chickens. Putting the chicks into cages prematurely is unfavorable to the growth and development of the young and will eventually affect the laying performance of the hens. For laying hens, the harvest is after the hens start to produce.
The equipment for raising chickens is inferior and mismatched. The equipment for raising chicks, brooding chickens and laying hens has specifications and ratio requirements. The equipment should be matched to facilitate the normal growth and development of the chicken group and reasonable turnover, and give full play to the utilization and operation rate of the equipment, so that the depreciation expenses allocated to each hen or each kilogram of eggs can be more reasonable, thereby reducing Cost of production.
Nowadays, laying hens are mostly raised in cages, and chicken cages are indispensable equipment, and chicken farmers generally pay more attention to it. However, they lack the ability to discern the quality of chicken coops, and tend to be low-priced when they are purchased. Cage is a place for hens to live, produce and sleep. Its quality cannot be ignored. The quality of the bottom of the cage, the width and slope of the cage are especially important. Another common problem worth noting is that chickens are not installed in cages. When the brood survival rate is high, the number of surviving hens exceeds the budgeted transfer number, or the hens that are too light are reluctant to eliminate hens that are too light. In this case, they are often overloaded. According to statistics, when the number of hens per cage increased to 5, 22.5% of the hens died before 305 days of age. According to the production report statistics accumulated by the author over the years, the egg production rate of chicken flocks whose cage density exceeds the prescribed standard is 5% to 15% lower than that of normal chicken flocks.
Therefore, the purchase agency can not only talk about cheapness, but needs to consider quality first
Analysis of the causes of chicken cold
Cooling is one of the main causes of chicken sickness. There are many cold spots. It is not only the temperature control level or the ventilation of the chickens, but the factors that can cause the chickens to be cold are as follows.
1. During the brooding, the water line is too low, the water pressure is too large, the chicks are drilled into the water cup, the nipple leaks, causing the chicken feathers to be wet; the spray equipment is damaged, the nozzle dripping seriously or the spraying time is long, causing the chicken feathers to be wet.
2. Improper humidification method, only pay attention to humidification, does not consider the temperature of the flock, when the flock performance temperature is low, humidification with a humidifying tube will make the flock cold.
3. The chicken house is not tightly sealed, causing side windows, sewage outlets, chicken outlets, water curtains, exhaust fan outlets, etc., resulting in thief winds, so that the chickens in this area are cold due to low temperatures.
4. After the wind enters the chicken poultry farming equipment from the air inlet, there are obstacles blocking during the pre-warming process, causing the breeze to rebound, and the chickens are swollen.
5. The temperature control is unreasonable; the cooling rate is faster, especially in the cold season, which makes the chicken's cold is more common.
6. Only rely on the temperature indicated by the thermometer, but the chicken's physiological behavior is not taken seriously, resulting in the chickens being cold.
Characteristics and dimensions of three tiers of broiler cages
In the past, farmers raised broilers in flat greenhouses, and the number of breeding was small. It has been difficult to meet the market demand for chicken product quality. Moreover, the simple raising equipment may cause the disease to be difficult to control, which will inevitably affect the meat output of broilers. However, the broiler cage raising equipment vigorously promoted by the breeding industry can implement automatic fecal removal, so that the broiler is separated from the fecal sewage, achieving less incidence, fast growth, good quality and good benefits. Now the author will talk about the characteristics and dimensions of broiler cages.
Characteristics of broiler cages:
1. The stacked broiler cages produced by high-quality poultry equipment suppliers use a full set of hot-dip galvanizing technology, which is corrosion-resistant and has a service life of more than 20 years.
2. The material of Q235 has great elasticity and is not easy to bend.
3. The high-density breeding saves land, which is about 70% less than the stepped land.
4. Centralized management, save energy and resources, adopt advanced ventilation system, lighting system and automatic control system to fully save energy consumption and improve labor productivity.
5. Save space and increase the feeding density to more than 60 animals/m2.
6. The unique cage door design effectively prevents the chicken from shaking its head up and down when it is eating.
7. The use of conveyor belt to clean the manure to dry the chicken manure into granules, reduce environmental pollution, and high reuse rate of chicken manure.
8. Eco-environmental protection is the most ideal feeding equipment for green chicken and environmental protection egg products.
Broiler cage size:
The cascading broiler cages have three layers and two doors. Each group has a length of 140cm, each group spans 200cm, the number of units is 6, the unit length is 70cm, the unit depth is 70cm, the cage height is 38cm, and the feeding amount is 60.
Stacked broiler cages with four layers and two doors, each group length 140cm, each group span 200cm, unit number 8, unit number 70cm, unit depth 70cm, cage height 38cm, feeding capacity 80.
Each poultry farming equipment supplier provides different sizes of chicken cages, so when buying, you only need to buy according to your own needs, and you don't need to be constrained by the size of the chicken cage.
Factors affecting the water requirement of chickens when using broiler cages
① Production performance: The higher the production level, the greater the water requirement of the chicken. For example, adult chickens drink more water than chicks; among chickens of the same weight, young chickens develop water deficiency faster than adult chickens; laying hens drink more water than non-laying hens.
② Feed structure: Some feeds such as rye, bran and certain minerals such as table salt can cause chicken loose stools, so the water requirement increases. Excessive protein levels in the diet can increase drinking water. Because too much nitrogen in the chicken must be excreted from the kidney, and the chicken has the worst concentration of urine, it is necessary to increase the drainage to excrete more nitrogen, thereby increasing the water requirement. The increase of crude fiber content in the feed and the increase in the amount of feces in the chicken also increase the water requirement.
③ Ambient temperature: Under the production conditions of broiler cages, due to changes in the ambient temperature, the amount of water consumed by the chicken has changed significantly. High temperature (above 30℃) usually increases the amount of drinking water. When the ambient temperature increases by 1°C, the amount of drinking water can increase by about 7%; when the temperature is low (below 10°C or less), the amount of drinking water decreases. When the temperature of laying hens is increased from below 10℃ to above 30℃, the drinking water volume can be doubled. In addition, the temperature of drinking water can more affect the amount of water consumed by chickens. Chickens like to drink cold water instead of drinking water above ambient temperature, and refuse to drink water above 45℃.
④Water quality: When using broiler cages to raise chickens, chickens have strict requirements on water quality. There are fewer impurities in the water, and the pH is between 6.0-8.5. If there are more impurities in the water, especially when the water contains more soluble minerals, it will cause the chicken's palatability to the water to be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of drinking water. In addition, the use of certain drugs in water can also reduce the amount of water consumed by chickens. Therefore, chickens should be given fresh, cool and clean drinking water.
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How do farmers disinfect broiler breeding equipment?
While broiler breeding equipment is convenient for breeding, there are also sanitation issues that need to be paid attention to. A good chicken house environment provides a better living space for chickens. This is also conducive to the healthy growth of chickens.
The first is to clean the chicken coop. Cleaning the chicken house requires removing the feces and debris inside and outside the chicken house. The feed that the chickens have not eaten in the trough also needs to be cleaned out. Then clean the trough with water.
Next, the chicken farmers must carry out an all-round cleaning of the chicken house. Poultry chicken cages, chicken manure board and other equipment and ceiling, chicken coop floor. Note that farmers must protect live equipment before cleaning to avoid accidents.
The third step. Equipment that can be moved should be removed from the house for disinfection. Expose it in the sun and put it back into the chicken coop one by one.
Fourth, the most common disinfection method used by farmers is to spray chemicals. This is the best way to eliminate pathogens in the chicken house. Farmers should pay attention to all aspects when spraying.
After the above steps are completed. Farmers can open all the entrances and exits and vents of the chicken coop. Let the chicken house ventilate for about ten days. The bacteria are further eliminated by keeping the chicken coop dry.
The above are the methods and precautions for disinfection of the shared chicken coop.
Problems to be overcome in using broiler cage equipment to raise chickens
The use of broiler chicken cage equipment is the development trend of broiler breeding. More and more chicken farmers have begun to try to adopt the mode of broiler cage breeding, which is currently one of the advanced production methods in the broiler breeding industry. It has the advantages of saving land resources, improving breeding conditions, improving production performance, and reducing disease incidence. However, in order to achieve greater economic benefits, it is necessary to overcome its existing problems and maximize the benefits of broiler cages.
The main technical characteristics of broiler cages are as follows: First, the three-layer overlapping cage technology is adopted. The second is to be equipped with an automatic manure removal conveyor belt to clean manure in time and reduce harmful gases such as ammonia and sulfur dioxide in the house. The third is that the entire cage is made of hot-dip galvanized metal anticorrosive materials, and the bottom of the cage is covered with wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant plastic nets, which can effectively reduce the incidence of breast cysts and leg diseases in broilers. Fourth, the chicken house is fully enclosed, relying on air intakes and exhaust fans on both sides of the house to maintain air quality in the house. The staggered installation of incandescent lamps reasonably realizes artificial lighting, and the use of water heaters, wet curtains, and automatic spray devices to achieve temperature and humidity control in the house.
Experiments show that the technical advantages of commercial broiler cages over online breeding are very significant. Not only can increase the number of breeding, improve production performance, save production costs, and bring significant economic benefits to farmers. It can also save land resources, reduce environmental pollution, improve product quality, and create huge social benefits. In line with the development requirements of "scale, standardization, industrialization, and ecologicalization" of the broiler breeding industry, the widespread promotion and application will help accelerate the process of standardization and transformation of livestock and poultry farms, and effectively promote the upgrading of the livestock industry.
Although cage breeding has significant technical advantages over online breeding, there are still some problems with cage breeding technology, mainly in the following three aspects. One is that the initial investment of cage culture is larger than that of online culture, but because the profit rate of cage culture is much higher than that of online culture, the return is quick. Second, the technical requirements of cage breeding are higher than that of online breeding. Because cage houses are closed and fully automated, technicians must not only master breeding management techniques, but also be familiar with the operation of modern equipment. Third, the ventilation requirements of cage breeding are higher than that of online breeding. Because cage breeding is multi-layer breeding, it is more dense than online breeding, which easily causes poor air circulation in the house. Therefore, the above three points are the problems that farmers who use broiler farming cage equipment to overcome.