Light is one of the necessary environmental conditions for laying hens. The intensity, time and color of light are very important for chicken activities, metabolism, growth and productivity, especially for laying hens raised in layer battery cage equipment. Reasonable control of light can improve the production capacity of laying hens and the economic benefits of farmers.

1. The effect of light on laying hens

Light stimulates the hypothalamus directly through the skull or light through the nerve pathway of the nerve lobe. After the hypothalamus is stimulated, it secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone, which reaches the anterior pituitary through the pituitary portal system, causing follicles The secretion of stimulating hormones and ovulation hormones promote the development of follicles and then ovulation. The developing follicles produce estrogen, which promotes the development and function of the hen’s fallopian tubes. At the same time, estrogen also promotes calcium metabolism to facilitate the formation of eggshells. Ovulation hormones Causes hens to ovulate. In a closed chicken house, no matter how nature changes day and night. The laying of eggs by hens is mostly concentrated in the first 2-7 hours of artificial light.

2. Control of lighting technology

1. Lighting time. The length of lighting time is closely related to the age of sexual maturity of chickens. Too short light time during the rearing period will delay sexual maturity, and too long time will lead to early sexual maturity.

2. Light intensity. Appropriate light intensity is conducive to the normal growth and development of chickens. Excessive light can make chickens irritable and cause severe pecking, prolapse or nervousness. The sudden increase in light intensity during the laying period can significantly increase the rate of cracked eggs, soft-skinned eggs, deformed eggs, and sudden death; low illumination can accelerate the deposition of body fat, but the illumination is too low. It will reduce the chicken's feed intake, reduce drinking water, hinder growth and development, and reduce egg production.

There are four ways to control the light intensity: one is to control the intensity by increasing or decreasing the number of bulbs; the other is to adjust the intensity by changing the bulbs of different power; the third is to control the intensity by adjusting the voltage; the fourth is to control the intensity by adjusting the spacing. But no matter how you adjust, each time you turn on and turn off the lights, you must gradually change from dark to bright, from bright to dark, to give the chickens an adaptation process to prevent frightening the flock. The distance between the bulbs should be 1.5 times the height of the bulb from the ground; the distance between the lamp and the wall should be half the distance between the bulbs, and the lamps between rows should be arranged in a staggered manner to obtain a more uniform lighting effect.

3. Light color. Laying hens are more sensitive to color. Chickens have better vision under red, orange and yellow light. Under red light, it tends to be quiet, with very few pecking habit, a little later in maturity, high feed reward, and egg production slightly increased; yellow light reduces feed reward, delayed sexual maturity, increased egg weight, decreased egg production, and increased pecking ; Green light can make sexual maturity earlier and weight gain faster; blue light can reduce hen egg production.

If a breeding farm wants to be industrialized, large-scale breeding is inseparable from automatic layer breeding machinery and equipment. Automatic layer breeding machinery and equipment are good assistants to assist layer farmers in the breeding work. Nowadays, the chicken breeding equipment is very good. Mechanical automation can be applied for a long time. This requires farms to carry out timely maintenance and maintenance of machinery and equipment, so as to ensure that all machinery and equipment can be maintained for the long-term normal work of the farm. The working efficiency of the chicken farm is the maintenance and maintenance of the following automatic layer breeding machinery and equipment.

The key of automatic layer breeding machinery and equipment includes: automatic manure cleaning machine, automatic feeding machine, automatic egg picking machine, each of which will describe the key points of maintenance of machinery and equipment.

1. Automatic manure cleaning machine: After the farm has applied the manure cleaning machine for a period of time, the manure removal belt will increase and increase the slack. Maintenance of rolling bearings and rubber sticks. Rolling bearings should be added with unsalted butter on time. The glue sticks should be kept tight and not loose. In addition, many farms have a roll-up of manure removal opportunities. Farms will remove manure belts in passive rolling. The position of the barrel can be leveled.

2. Automatic feeder: When the feeder is in use, the farm must pay attention to the fact that no items can be placed on the feeder, otherwise it will cause the motor to withstand too much force and burn the motor. The application of the feeder Make sure that the transmission chain and gears have a certain level of lubrication, otherwise the lack of lubrication will destroy the equipment. The farm should pay attention to regular maintenance. The feeder is mainly produced by skin to transport concentrated feed, so the farm should be maintained regularly Is the transmission belt intact? Is the level of tightness moderate? The control cabinet of the feeder will have a lot of dust due to dust caused by the concentrate. In the long term, it will cause short-circuit failure of the internal power circuit. The farm should carry out the removal on time.

3. Fully automatic egg picker: When the farm uses an automatic egg picker, it is necessary to pay attention to the detailed learning and training of the appropriate operation steps of the machine equipment. If the wrong operation is very easy to cause damage to the machine and equipment, use the egg picker After that, you must pay attention to frequent disinfection and sterilization, because some chicken excrement, feather dusters and other items containing pathogens are inevitably left in the whole process of application of machinery and equipment. If you have been using a machine that carries pathogens and does not often clean up If the equipment is available, the quality of the eggs will be reduced.

1. The chicken battery cages are not connected to each other to avoid cross-infection between the chickens and the chickens.

2. The farther away from other chicken-raising units, the better, thus reducing the risk of disease transmission;

3. All the houses must be thoroughly cleaned with high-pressure faucets. All tools in the house, such as electric fans, brooms, etc., must be cleaned;

4. Ensure that chicken farm personnel are not in contact with the outside flocks;

5. All chicken houses must be disinfected with a broad-spectrum cleaning agent that kills important pathogens;

6. Actively take measures to control rats, flies and stray animals. Once a mouse is present, use rodenticide or use a rodent-proof house to clear and control it;

7. When chickens of different ages are raised in the same chicken farm, the care of the chicken must start with the healthiest chicken feathers (usually the smallest chicken). Workers are not allowed to return to the chicken house from the big chicken house until the clothes and boots have been properly cleaned and disinfected;

8. If the dead chicken is found, the chicken house should be taken out immediately and disposed of immediately;

9. Workers must always wear clean clothes and boots when entering the house. Those who have been in contact with the big chicken-type laying hen must take a bath before entering the chicken house to save the person;

10. Non-essential personnel are not allowed to enter the chicken farm. Visitors must abide by the above rules;

11. Vehicles outside are not allowed to enter unless they are cleaned and disinfected.

Should buy some chicks with a higher survival rate and higher disease resistance and good production performance in chicken farm equipment.

To buy better quality feeds, it is better for chicks to grow and develop. There is also a scientific and rational allocation to avoid some diseases. If you use some poor quality feed, it will cause the chicken to become sick. The feed intake is reduced, and the egg production rate is relatively low. Regular use can cause chicken diarrhea, death, and reduced income.

First of all, we must first develop a scientific and rational immunization step, and fully investigate, so that it will be implemented faster, and we must choose a regular manufacturer to buy a vaccine. Remember to disinfect in time. For example, the disinfection of water lines and the disinfection of chicken farms, due to the frequent addition of some vitamins in the waterline, will cause the formation of pathogenic microorganisms inside the waterline to grow and multiply, resulting in drinking water pollution. Usually, you can use drugs suitable for drinking water disinfection, and disinfect the drinking water three times a month for 3 to 4 hours. Disinfection should be carried out by alternately selecting disinfectants of several different compositions to avoid drug resistance.

Keep the proper temperature in the chicken house. If the temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the egg production rate. In the summer, it is necessary to prevent the heat from cooling in the winter and strive to reduce the temperature. And reasonable lighting, suitable ventilation can adjust the indoor temperature, humidity, reduce the concentration of harmful gases, supplement the role of oxygen, increase the body resistance, reduce the incidence of respiratory diseases. Timely elimination of low-yield chickens and increase egg production rate.